The TCF (Test de Connaissance du Français) is the standardised French proficiency test for migration to Canada (Québec) and other francophone countries. This page covers the exact exam pattern — sections, timing, question count, marking, and what counts as a pass — so you know exactly what to expect on test day.
TCF Exam Overview
The TCF is a multiple-choice test administered by France Éducation International. For migration purposes, you typically take the TCF Tout Public or the TCF Québec variant. The test is entirely computer-based and scored out of 699 points.
TCF Sections Breakdown
The TCF has four compulsory sections plus two optional ones. Below is the structure for the standard TCF Tout Public:
Compulsory Sections
| Section | Time | Number of Questions | Format | |---------|------|-------------------|--------| | Listening Comprehension | 25 minutes | 30 questions | Multiple choice (4 options) | | Language Structures | 20 minutes | 20 questions | Multiple choice (4 options) | | Reading Comprehension | 45 minutes | 30 questions | Multiple choice (4 options) | | Writing Expression | 60 minutes | 3 tasks | Open-ended |
Total compulsory time: 2 hours 30 minutes (150 minutes)
Optional Sections
| Section | Time | Format | |---------|------|--------| | Speaking Expression | 12 minutes | Face-to-face interview with examiner | | (No optional writing section for TCF) | — | — |
The optional speaking test is often required for migration applications. Check your specific destination’s requirements.
Marking Scheme
- Multiple-choice sections: Each correct answer = 1 point. No negative marking for wrong answers. Unanswered questions = 0 points.
- Writing Expression: Assessed by certified examiners on a scale of 0–20 per task, then converted to a score out of 699.
- Speaking Expression: Assessed live by an examiner on criteria including fluency, vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. Score out of 699.
Your final score is the sum of all compulsory sections, scaled to a maximum of 699. Each section also receives a separate score (0–699) and a corresponding CEFR level (A1 to C2).
Pass Criteria
There is no single “pass” score for the TCF. Instead, you need to achieve a specific CEFR level required by your migration program:
- Québec (CSQ): Typically requires B2 in speaking and listening for skilled workers. Verify on the MIFI portal.
- Canadian citizenship: CLB 4 (equivalent to A2) in speaking and listening.
- French nationality: B1 or B2 depending on the route.
Your score report shows your CEFR level for each skill. You do not “fail” — you simply receive your level.
Take a free TCF demo mock to find out where you stand: <a href="/demo">Try the demo →</a>
TCF vs. Other French Tests
| Feature | TCF | DELF/DALF | TEF | |---------|-----|-----------|-----| | Duration | ~2.5 hours | 2–4 hours | ~3 hours | | Validity | 2 years | Lifetime | 2 years | | Scoring | 0–699 | Pass/fail by level | 0–699 | | Test type | Adaptive | Fixed | Fixed |
The TCF is non-adaptive (all candidates get the same questions), unlike some other tests.
Tips for TCF Preparation
- Focus on listening: The listening section is fast-paced. Practice with real audio at 1x speed.
- Grammar counts: The Language Structures section tests precise grammar — verb tenses, prepositions, pronouns.
- Writing tasks: You must write a short message (60–80 words), a letter (120–150 words), and a longer essay (200–250 words). Stick to the word limits.
- Speaking practice: Record yourself answering common topics. Aim for fluency over perfection.
See TCF mock-test packs and pricing: <a href="/plans">View plans →</a>
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I take TCF online? Yes, the TCF is available in a remote proctored format. Check with your test centre for availability.
How long are TCF results valid? TCF scores are valid for 2 years from the test date.
What is the difference between TCF and TCF Québec? TCF Québec is a variant specifically for Québec immigration. It includes a compulsory speaking test and focuses on topics relevant to life in Québec.
Do I need to pass all sections? No. You receive a score and CEFR level for each section. Your application will be evaluated based on the minimum level required for each skill.
Can I retake TCF? Yes. You can retake the test any number of times, but you must wait at least 30 days between attempts.
What is the fee for TCF in India? Fees vary by test centre. Verify on the official TCF India portal — fees were last revised in early 2026.